By Lisa Desjardins
House Republicans, who fervently pound the podium against the deficit, didn't
blink Friday at passing a whopping $287 billion business tax cut measure with no
effort to pay for or offset that amount. GOP lawmakers argued the bill
helps the economy, but budget-watching organizations outside Congress proclaimed
it an irresponsible move.
The 258-160 vote marked one of
the largest unpaid-for measures passed by the House in years, but was also the
latest sign that tax cuts are at the center of the Republican universe and the
ballyhooed deficit fight is not on the same level as a priority.
"Here in the House, we're doing
what we can to help (pass jobs)," read the statement from GOP House Speaker John
Boehner, "passing another bill today that would create more certainty and give
small business owners an incentive to invest and put more Americans back to
work."
What $287 billion
does
The bill, H.R. 4178, would make
permanent something called "bonus depreciation": a significant and recent
benefit for businesses. Bonus depreciation allows companies to deduct 50% of the
value of new equipment or assets in the year they are purchased. It's considered
a "bonus" because the provision provides a much greater and much faster tax
benefit than traditional depreciation.
The idea first became law under
President George W. Bush in 2002, who said it was meant to be temporary. The tax
benefit has been extended repeatedly until the end of last year. At that time,
it expired along with a slew of other temporary tax provisions called "tax
extenders" because they have gone through this process so often.
The issue of $287 billion
now
The move by Republicans to back
$287 billion in tax cuts comes at a time when they are loudly questioning much
smaller spending bills: the president's request for $3.7 billion to respond to
children crossing the border, $11 billion to keep highway projects afloat for
less than a year and the roughly $35 billion Senate measure to revamp the
veteran's health care system. Combined, those measures are still less than a
fifth of the tax cut bill.
"Wildfire season is approaching
and there are not enough resources," said Texas Democratic Rep. Lloyd Doggett
during Friday's debate, "Our highways crumble, bridges literally fall down...
While there is so much of vital needs that we just don't seem to have the
resources to address, these same Republicans tell us that we can afford to
borrow from the Chinese or the Saudis to deliver (tax cuts)."
Should tax cuts be paid
for?
"Permanency is something we need
to strive for," said Rep. Peter Roskam, R-Illinois, on the House floor, arguing
that if a tax provision is extended year after year, it should be made into firm
law.
But that was a change in
position from February, when he and other Republicans on the House Ways &
Means Committee initially proposed erasing bonus depreciation altogether, a
point Democrats stressed.
"The gives inconsistency a bad
name," said Rep. Sander Levin, D-Michigan, the ranking Democrat on Ways &
Means. "I want to say how appalling it is for Republicans to come forward and
say 'let's (push $287 billion) unpaid for.'"
Conservative groups split on the
question, with Heritage Action urging Republicans to vote "yes" and issuing a
blunt statement that cut to the heart of the GOP argument.
"Members should not hesitate to
make bonus depreciation permanent," the political organization wrote in a
statement to Congress. "Nor should they feel compelled to offer a "pay for" as
reducing taxes does not require a budget offset. "
That is a central point of
debate, should tax cuts require an offset? Is it OK to add the cost of tax cuts
to the deficit? While Republicans point to
sweeping economic benefits, opponents insist those benefits will never
materialize if the tax breaks are made permanent.
"The temporary nature of the
break may induce a modest number of firms to accelerate some purchases," wrote
Chuck Marr, in an analysis for the nonpartisan Center on Budget and Policy
Priorities that slammed the bill. "If, however, the tax break is permanent, then
there is no incentive for firms to accelerate purchase."
The CBPP called the measure
"irresponsible." Separately, the nonpartisan Congressional Research Service has
also indicted that the tax cut loses some economic bite when made permanent.
The conservative Club for Growth
objects to tax extenders in general but did not issue a statement on Friday's
vote, because the organization sees it as maneuvering in a predictable battle
with the Senate.
"The whole process is silly and
everyone knows how it's going to end," said Club for Growth's Barney Keller to
CNN. The spokesman thinks the House and Senate will combine their bills and pass
some form of tax extenders later this year. "It's ridiculous."
What next?
While the vote passed with the
overwhelming endorsement of House Republicans -- just two voted 'no' -- this
will not be the final version of a tax cut bill.
The Senate also must ring in on
how deal with the expired tax cuts. And as Keller with the Club for
Growth noted, House members openly are positioning for those negotiations with
the Senate. That could happen in the last
months of the year.
"We'll have a good old-fashioned
compromise," said Rep. Pat Tiberi, Republican of Ohio and sponsor of Friday's
bill.
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